Northeastern drum is a form of folk art drum book and drum music that is mainly popular in the three provinces of Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang in Northeast my country. It was once popular in Shenyang, and Shenyang had Fengtian Prefecture in the late Qing Dynasty, so it was once called "Fengtian drum". After Fengtian Province was renamed Liaoning Province in the 18th year of the Republic of China, it was also called "Liaoning drum". Northeastern drum was formed around the middle of the Qing Dynasty. The initial performance form was that the singer played the small three-stringed instrument and accompanied himself in singing and rapping, and tied a "jiezi board" on his legs to beat the rhythm, also known as "string book". Later, it developed into a one-person drum and simple board performance, and someone else played the big three-stringed instrument for accompaniment, and the rap performance used the Northeast dialect. In the early days, Northeastern drum was mainly popular in rural areas, and was commonly known as "Tun drum" among the people. The tunes sung were local dialects familiar to local people, and the lyrics were not very particular. Many artists even flipped through the script in public during the performance and performed word for word, commonly known as "Baduo storytelling". The performances are mainly medium-length, including "Return of the Cup", "Wagang Village", "Colorful Cloud Ball", "Four Horses Going to Tang", "White Jade Tower" and so on. At the end of the 19th century, Northeastern drum entered the city, mainly singing short programs, and the lyrics also transplanted some children's books. Well-known artists include Che Debao, Men Zhenbang, Wang Desheng, Zhang Wansheng and so on. In the early 20th century, a large number of female artists entered the ranks of Northeastern drum performances, and male artists retreated to accompaniment. Well-known female artists at that time included Liu Wenxia, Jin Hudie, Yin Lianfu, Hou Liangui and so on. Among them, Liu Wenxia was once awarded the title of "Fengtian Drum King". The "Zhu Family Class" led by the sisters Zhu Xizhen and Zhu Shixi, known as the "Sisters of the Book Field", performed in Tianjin in the 1930s, where Zhu Xizhen was hailed as the "Queen of Liaoning Drum"; the "Fu Family Class" led by Fu Lingge and his four daughters Fu Fengyun, Fu Cuiyun, Fu Guiyun and Fu Huiyun brought Northeastern drum to Beijing. During the long process of dissemination, Northeastern drum has formed different artistic schools, such as the "Fengdiao", "Dongchengdiao", "Jiangbei School", "Nanchengdiao" and "Xichengdiao" that appeared in the mid-20th century. Each school has its own traditional programs. The "Fengdiao" movement is centered in Shenyang, with a slow singing style and is good at expressing emotions. It often performs short programs such as "Lu Lei Yuan" and "Yi Zhen Fei" which are transplanted from children's books and lyrics. Representative artists include Huo Shutang and others; the "Dongchengdiao" movement is centered in Jilin, with programs based on themes such as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and "Dream of Red Mansions". Representative artists include Ren Zhankui and others; the "Jiangbei School" movement is centered in the area north of the Songhua River in Harbin, with representative artists such as Liu Tongxi and others; the "Nanchengdiao" movement is centered in Yingkou, Liaoning, with representative artists such as Xu Xiangjiu and others; the "Jiangbei School" and the "Nanchengdiao" movement have a common feature, that is, the programs they perform are mostly rap stories of long novels such as "The Hu Family Generals" and "The Xue Family Generals"; the "Xichengdiao" movement is centered in Jinzhou, with expertise in performing tragic stories such as "Luo Cheng Calls the Guard". Representative artists include Chen Qingyuan and others. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Northeastern drum created and performed many new programs that reflected real life. The important new programs adapted from literary works include long books such as "The Fiery Steel", "Red Rock", and "Jie Zhenguo" and short pieces such as "Yang Jingyu's Pocket Formation", "Bethune", "Fisherman's Hate", "Chairman Mao Came to the Ming Tombs", and "Wedding on the Execution Ground". The Northeastern drum occupies an important position in the entertainment life of the people in the popular areas, and its songbooks and music have also influenced other arts, such as "Remembering the True Concubine" was transplanted into many drum songs, and the singing tune [Slow West City] was absorbed by Errenzhuan, etc. However, since the end of the 20th century, the audience of the Northeastern drum has shifted in large numbers, and the inheritance and performance have encountered serious difficulties, and the survival has been in crisis. Under this situation, it is urgent to protect and develop the Northeastern drum.