Heritage with Related Tags
umm jimmar
<p>Umm Al-Jimāl is a rural settlement in northern Jordan that developed spontaneously from an earlier Roman settlement around the 5th century AD and continued until the end of the 8th century. It preserves basalt buildings from the Byzantine and early Islamic periods, reflecting the architectural style of the Hauran region, as well as some former Roman military buildings that were adapted for other uses by later inhabitants. The settlement is located in a vast agricultural landscape that also includes a complex water collection system that supported agriculture and animal husbandry. The earliest buildings excavated at Umm Al-Jimāl date from the 1st century AD, when the area was part of the Nabataean Kingdom. A rich collection of inscriptions in Greek, Nabataean, Safavid, Latin, and Arabic, spanning many centuries, provides a deep understanding of the local history and reveals the evolution of the inhabitants' religious beliefs. </p>
Biblical Tels - Megiddo, Hazor, Beer Sheba
Turbins (earth mounds of prehistoric settlements) are a typical feature of the flatlands of the eastern Mediterranean, particularly Lebanon, Syria, Israel, and eastern Turkey. There are more than 200 turbins in Israel, with Megiddo, Hazor, and Beersheba being the most representative, containing the remains of numerous biblical cities. These three turbins are also the best examples of the elaborate Iron Age underground water collection systems in the Levant, designed to serve densely populated urban communities. Over thousands of years, the architectural traces of these turbins reflect centralized power, thriving agricultural activity, and control of important trade routes.
Cultural Landscape of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces
The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces Cultural Landscape is located in southern Yunnan and covers 16,603 hectares. The terraces are spectacular, stretching from the slopes of the towering Ailao Mountains to the banks of the Red River. Over the past 1,300 years, the Hani people have developed a complex system of canals to bring water from the forested mountaintops to the terraces. They have also created an integrated agricultural system that includes buffalo, cattle, ducks, fish and eels, and supports the production of red rice, the region's main crop. Local residents worship the sun, moon, mountains, rivers, forests and other natural phenomena, including fire. They live in 82 villages between the mountaintop forests and the terraces. The villages feature traditional thatched "mushroom" houses. The terraces' resilient land management system is based on remarkable and long-standing social and religious structures, demonstrating extraordinary visual and ecological harmony between people and the environment.
The Grand Canal
The Grand Canal is a vast system of waterways in the northeastern and east-central plains of China, stretching from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang Province in the south. The Grand Canal was built in sections beginning in the fifth century BC and was first conceived as a unified means of transportation for the empire in the seventh century AD (during the Sui Dynasty). This resulted in a series of huge construction sites, creating the largest and most extensive civil engineering project in the world before the Industrial Revolution. It formed the backbone of the empire's inland transportation system, transporting food and strategic raw materials, and providing rice to feed the people. By the 13th century, it consisted of more than 2,000 kilometers of artificial waterways, connecting the basins of China's five major rivers. It played an important role in ensuring the country's economic prosperity and stability, and remains a major means of transportation to this day.
Tarnowskie Góry Lead-Silver-Zinc Mine and its Underground Water Management System
Located in Upper Silesia in southern Poland, the mine is one of the major mining areas in Central Europe and includes an entire underground mine area, including drifts, shafts, galleries and other water management systems. Most of the mining area is underground, while the open-pit mining terrain preserves the remains of shafts and waste dumps, as well as the remains of a 19th century steam water pumping station. Elements of the water management system, both underground and on the surface, testify to three centuries of continuous efforts to drain the underground mining areas and use the poor water from the mines to supply towns and industries. Tarnowski Guri has made a significant contribution to global lead and zinc production.
Al-Ahsa Oasis, an Evolving Cultural Landscape
The Al-Ahsa Oasis, located in the eastern Arabian Peninsula, is a continuous heritage of gardens, canals, springs, wells and drainage lakes, as well as historic buildings, urban structures and archaeological sites. They represent traces of continuous human settlement in the Gulf region from the Neolithic period to the present day, as evidenced by the remnants of historic fortresses, mosques, wells, canals and other water management systems. With 2.5 million date palms, it is the largest oasis in the world. Al-Ahsa is also a unique geo-cultural landscape and an outstanding example of human interaction with the environment.
Water Management System of Augsburg
The city of Augsburg's water management system evolved through several stages from the 14th century to the present day. It includes a network of canals, water towers built between the 15th and 17th centuries that housed pumps, a water-cooled butcher's hall, a system of three monumental fountains, and hydroelectric power stations that still provide sustainable energy today. The technical innovations that resulted from this water management system helped make Augsburg a pioneer in hydraulic engineering.
Tarnowskie Góry Lead-Silver-Zinc Mine and its Underground Water Management System
Located in Upper Silesia in southern Poland, the mine is one of the major mining areas in Central Europe and includes an entire underground mine area, including drifts, shafts, galleries and other water management systems. Most of the mining area is underground, while the open-pit mining terrain preserves the remains of shafts and waste dumps, as well as the remains of a 19th century steam water pumping station. Elements of the water management system, both underground and on the surface, testify to three centuries of continuous efforts to drain the underground mining areas and use the poor water from the mines to supply towns and industries. Tarnowski Guri has made a significant contribution to global lead and zinc production.
Takalik Abah National Archaeological Park
The archaeological site of Tak'alik Ab'aj is located on Guatemala's Pacific coast. It is a 1,700-year-old site that shows the evolution of the Olmec civilization into the early Maya. Tak'alik Ab'aj played a major role in this process, in part because it controlled a long-distance trade route that connected the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in present-day Mexico to El Salvador. There was a great cross-fertilization of ideas and customs along this route. The site's sanctuaries and buildings were arranged according to cosmological principles, and there were innovative water systems, pottery, and gem art. Today, the site is still considered sacred and used by different indigenous groups for ritual activities.
Mines of Rammelsberg, Historic Town of Goslar and Upper Harz Water Management System
The Upper Harz Mining Water Management System, located in the mining area of Rammelsberg and south of the town of Goslar, has been developed over a period of about 800 years to aid the mining of non-ferrous metals. Its construction was initially carried out by Cistercian monks in the Middle Ages and then developed on a large scale from the late 16th century to the 19th century. It consists of an extremely complex but perfectly coherent system of artificial ponds, small waterways, tunnels and underground drains. It enabled the development of hydroelectric power for use in mining and metallurgical processes. It is a major site of mining innovation in the Western world.