Intangible culture with Related Tags
Legend of Badaling Great Wall
The Badaling Great Wall, located in Yanqing County, Beijing, has a long history and has been a military stronghold and transportation route since ancient times. The earliest legends about Badaling originated from ancient mythology and were created before the creation of writing, reflecting the relationship between man and nature in ancient times. By the Ming Dynasty, eight mountain strongholds were built along the Badaling Great Wall, where soldiers were stationed. There were legends about every village, stronghold, city, pass, and even stone and spring. The legends handed down from generation to generation, such as "Wangjing Stone", "Liulang Shadow", "Jinniu Cave", "Shifo Temple", "Mu Guiying Dianjiangtai", and "Tanqin Gorge", are still popular. Even the origin of the name "Badaling" has many versions in folk legends. The legend of the Badaling Great Wall is rooted in the folk, with strong regionality, rich content, a wide variety, and a long time span. It is an easy-to-understand original ecological literary style with a strong mythological color. The emergence of the legend of the Badaling Great Wall is related to the special environment and historical conditions of the local area, and is inseparable from factors such as production and life, seasonal festivals, and folk customs. These beautiful and moving legends have been told and enriched by countless people in the process of inheritance, and have been passed down to this day. They have played a positive role in promoting national culture and studying folk literature and art. After entering the 21st century, this precious folk literature has been impacted by modern culture, and the number of narrators and researchers has decreased day by day. It is facing the dilemma of being lost and urgently needs to be protected.
Legend of Yongding River
Yongding River is the mother river of Beijing. Due to the terrain, the Yongding River Basin has been flooded repeatedly in history, so the name of the river is associated with the desire to avoid disasters and live a stable life. There are a large number of legends about the Yongding River in the Yongding River Basin. The basic feature is that the legends are connected with historical facts, and the shadow of history is reflected in the legends. Among the many legends, the most representative ones are "The Legend of Hedangdang River", "The Legend of Shijing Mountain and Shijing Mountain", "The Legend of the Water Buffalo in Yongding River Town", "The Legend of Old Man Wang Planting Willows on the Riverbank", "The Legend of General Feng Punishing the Old Soldier Ruffian", "The Legend of the Origin of Mayu Village", "The Legend of Liu Niangfu", etc. The legend of Yongding River is vivid, rich in content, and has a strong local color. It is the crystallization of the wisdom of the people on both sides of the Yongding River. It records the history of people's governance of the Yongding River and provides detailed information for the study of the production development history of Beijing. The spirit of the people around the Yongding River to fight against nature in order to subdue the floods reflected in the legend also has certain practical educational significance. At present, a large number of inheritors of the Yongding River legends in Beijing's Shijingshan District are all elderly. If they are not recorded and organized as soon as possible, the long-standing Yongding River folk legends may gradually decline under the impact of modern entertainment culture, and eventually disappear with the passing of the storytellers.
Legend of the Temple of Heaven
The Temple of Heaven was first built in the 18th year of the Yongle reign of the Ming Dynasty (1420). Emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties offered sacrifices to heaven, prayed for a good harvest and prayed for rain here. The legend of the Temple of Heaven was born and developed because of the Temple of Heaven architecture and the emperor's ceremony of offering sacrifices to heaven. The integration of the cosmology of "harmony between man and nature" has given the Temple of Heaven complex a sacred and unique meaning, becoming an important driving factor for the occurrence and prosperity of related legends. The legend of the Temple of Heaven is widely circulated among Beijing citizens, especially in the areas around the Temple of Heaven, such as the Goldfish Pond, Fata Temple, Four Jades, and Tianqiao, which are particularly popular and are a unique branch of Beijing's local culture. The legend of the Temple of Heaven generally includes five parts: the legend of the establishment of the Temple of Heaven, the legend of the scenery, the legend of folk customs, the legend of the altar, and the legend of related figures. The legend of the Temple of Heaven is passed down in social groups in a unique way of oral folk literature. For hundreds of years, it has been passed down from generation to generation by word of mouth. In the 1980s, the Chongwen District Cultural Center (now the Second Cultural Center of Dongcheng District) and the Temple of Heaven Park Management Office collected and edited "Chongwen Folk Literature Selection" and "Temple of Heaven Scenery Legends". Since the national intangible cultural heritage survey in 2005, the Chongwen District Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center (now the Dongcheng District Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center) has organized forces to collect and record a number of new Temple of Heaven legends. The Temple of Heaven legends have profound historical, cultural and literary value. First, it embodies a series of Chinese cosmological views such as "the sky is yang, the earth is yin", "the sky is round and the earth is square", "the unity of heaven and man", and "the resonance between heaven and man". Second, whether it is related to the architecture and function of the Temple of Heaven, or the philosophical concept of the harmony of yin and yang, or the legends related to the emperor's appearance and customs, they are all interpretations and interpretations from the perspective of ordinary people. Third, the Temple of Heaven legends are spread in various ways, and they are extensive and extensible in the process of dissemination.
The Legend of Cao Xueqin
The Cao Xueqin (Xishan) legend is a folk legend that is mainly spread in the area of Beijing's Xiangshan, Shou'an Mountain, and Jinshan, which is known as the "Little Xishan". It is based on Cao Xueqin and "Dream of the Red Chamber". It belongs to the category of "character legend". The Cao Xueqin (Xishan) legend is a collective oral creation of the people in the Xiangshan area and has been circulated for more than 200 years. The content involves Cao Xueqin's life experience, temperament, outstanding talent, as well as the prototypes of the characters in "Dream of the Red Chamber" and the creative environment. It expresses people's love for Cao Xueqin and "Dream of the Red Chamber" and reflects the influence of the writer and his works on society from one aspect. After Cao Xueqin's death, as time went by, the legend about him was further strengthened. Gradually, the local customs, mountains and rivers, historical stories and character allusions were also attached to the legend and attributed to Cao Xueqin, making Cao Xueqin, in addition to being a great writer, also have some colors of a "witty character" who is chivalrous and righteous. The legend has been constantly processed and refined in the process of oral transmission, and its color has become stronger and stronger, reflecting the people's ideological understanding, moral concepts, life attitudes, aesthetic tastes, and evaluations of various objective things in the Xishan area of Beijing, and has the characteristics of reflecting the breadth and depth of social life. The Cao Xueqin (Xishan) legend is a precious cultural heritage handed down through the collective inheritance of the people, but it is currently in an endangered state due to population mobility, the passing of the elderly, and the diversification of entertainment methods.
Legend of Marco Polo Bridge
The content of the Marco Polo Bridge legend is very rich, mainly including the construction of the Marco Polo Bridge, the lions on the Marco Polo Bridge, the dragon-slaying sword on the Marco Polo Bridge pier, the Marco Polo Bridge Dawn Moon, the Marco Polo Bridge and Wanping City, the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, etc. The earliest record of the Marco Polo Bridge legend is now difficult to find, but articles about the Marco Polo Bridge legend were published in newspapers and periodicals during the Republic of China period. The "Marco Polo Bridge Incident" that broke out in 1937 made the Marco Polo Bridge famous all over the world. The legends about the Marco Polo Bridge are scattered in various materials such as local chronicles. The legends that have been preliminarily sorted out are recorded in the albums "Marco Polo Dawn Moon" and "The Legend of Marco Polo Bridge". The Marco Polo Bridge legend has a long history and its dissemination area is very wide. It not only spreads throughout Wanping, radiates throughout the country, and even spreads to Southeast Asian countries such as South Korea, Japan, Singapore, and Chinese communities around the world. Like the historical value and scientific value of the Marco Polo Bridge itself, the Marco Polo Bridge legend also has high literary value, humanistic value, and historical value.
Heritage with Related Tags
Upper Middle Rhine Valley
Stretching for 65 kilometres, the Middle Rhine Valley, with its castles, historic towns and vineyards, vividly illustrates the long history of mankind and a magnificent and diverse natural landscape. Intimately linked to history and legend, it has exerted a powerful influence on writers, artists and composers for centuries.
Xiuxiushui Ecological Scenic Area
The Xiuxiushui Ecological Scenic Area is located in the southwest edge of Pingshan County, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, an old revolutionary base. It has a tourist area of 11.5 square kilometers, an altitude of 800-1100 meters, and is 95 kilometers away from Shijiazhuang, the capital of Hebei Province. It is now a national 4A scenic area, a national water conservancy scenic area, a national scenic spot and China's best ecological tourism scenic area. The scenic area integrates natural scenery, cultural landscape and red tourism. It has elegant taste, distinctive characteristics, rich customs and is very popular with tourists. As early as the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was one of the "Eight Great Scenic Spots" in Pingshan and enjoyed the reputation of "Xishui Waterfall Falling from the Sky". According to legend, in ancient times, Xiuxiushui was dry for nine out of ten years, and people were living in poverty. Drinking water was limited and washing clothes took turns. The kind-hearted village girl Jinfeng sacrificed herself to wash the cassock for the wandering monks. She bit off the five-colored thread and became pregnant with a dragon. She was blessed by Guanyin and gave birth to five dragons. She became the Holy Mother and opened the spiritual spring to solve the people's difficulties. The people were grateful and built the Holy Mother Temple and the Jellyfish Temple, and held temple fairs. The incense was strong, and the piety was fulfilled, eliminating worries and disasters. Legends have added a layer of mystery to the landscape. The natural stone arch bridge and the well were enlightened by Guanyin to the Holy Mother; Lingquan Cave was the source of the people's longevity and fertility; Wulongtan was the palace for the dragon's son to enjoy; the bluestone bridge was the incarnation of the blue dragon; the eagle, camel, tortoise, and lion were all divine birds and monsters protecting the spring; the Lover's Valley originated from the place where the monks were loved and returned to secular life.