Sampan Ferry Production Sampan ferry is the smallest fishing tool for offshore operations. It has a long history, probably more than 300 years in Xiushan. According to the elders of the previous generation, this kind of fishing boat was available when Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty agreed to let people settle in Zhoushan Islands, and it has been used until now. The difference is that fishing boats used sails, paddles and oars to go to sea. Now they are all converted to diesel engines. To build a sampan ferry, you need 1 cubic meter of high-quality miscellaneous trees and high-quality fir boards, because the sampan ferry is basically 7-8cm long and 1.5cm wide. It is 70-80cm high, the head is higher than the middle, the board thickness is 2.8cm, and the bottom width is the same. So you need to prepare enough wood and then start to build the boat. Choose a flat land near the sea, place two big woods, the main keel (with flat stone strips or square wood strips underneath, and then put the masts (masts) in an orderly manner on the main keel, which is high in the front and low in the back, narrow and wide in the front and back), and then nail the fir boards one by one to the outside of each mast (each mast has a beam board). After a boat frame is built, the boat craftsman uses tung oil and lime to mix the mesh cakes and chisel them into the seams of the boards, and cross-nail them with shovel nails and seam nails. While the boat craftsman is making the seams, the small carpenter installs the rear steering wheel inside the boat, and the boat craftsman also padded the outer periphery firmly. After all the processes are completed, the boat owner chooses a day to set off firecrackers and invite the God of Wealth to cook soup and rice for the boat. The new fishing boat is put on the beach, and the big carpenter makes the rudder, mast, paddle, and oar. The blacksmith makes the anchor, and the rope master makes various cables and ropes. The canopy master makes the canopy. At the same time, the boss purchases fishing nets and fishing gear. Only when everything is ready can he go fishing. The history of rowing sampans is long, at least 300 years old. Since this type of boat can only be used for fishing, shrimp hauling, and netting in the near sea, most of them are owned by one household. They need to be overhauled once a year, and repaired several times. After more than 20 years of repairs, they are scrapped. The owner builds a new one, and the fishermen pass it down from generation to generation, making it their business. After liberation, this type of small fishing boat also joined the cooperative during the collectivization, and later turned into a fishing brigade. Due to the development of the collective economy, the fishing brigade developed into motor sailing boats and even large fishing boats and fishing vessels, and this type of small boat was eliminated. At present, there are about 50 such rowing sampans in Xiushan, but the new generation of rowing sampans has been powered by diesel engines, replacing the previous sails, paddles, and oars. The hull has also been slightly changed. Materials: fir, gu tree, various miscellaneous trees, tung oil, lime, rope, large and small beam nails, shovel nails, net wire Tools: scissors, saws, wooden axes, chisels, 1000 jins Uses: can catch fish, shrimps, crabs, raise nets, ferry people, load goods Rules: generally not taught to outsiders. Customs: After the boat-building process is completed, the boat owner picks a day to set off firecrackers, invite the god of wealth, and make soup and rice to go into the water. (Oral narration by Lin Xiangming, recorded by Shen Huifeng) Zhile Boat Manufacturing Zhile Boat is a small boat for near-sea operations. The width of the boat is about the same as that of a sampan, and the length is 2 to 3 meters longer than a sampan. There is a water angle at the bow, and the mast is flat. The oars are also the same as those of a sampan. According to the elders of the previous generation, this type of fishing boat was available when Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty agreed to let people settle in Zhoushan Islands, and it has been used until now. It takes 1.5-1.7 cubic meters of high-quality miscellaneous trees and high-quality fir trees to build a Zhile boat. The length of a straight-legged boat is generally about 10m, and the width is about 1.8-2m (the bow is pointed, the stern is slightly narrow, and the height is about 1m. The middle is the lowest, the stern is slightly higher than the middle, and the bow is higher). The boat board is 3 cm thick, and there is a head and neck at the bow. After the bottom board is placed, the bird is nailed, the head and neck are erected, and then the boat board is nailed to each bird and the head and neck. The bottom of the boat is slightly round, and "榱" is nailed on both sides. 2-3 jade bridles are added to the side of the boat. There is a small wall shell in the back of the boat to avoid rain. The boat carpenter uses tung oil and lime to mix the mesh cakes and chisel them into the seams of the boards, and cross-nail them with shovel nails and seam nails. While the boat carpenter is making the seams, the small carpenter installs the rear steering wheel in the boat, and the outer periphery is also padded by the boat carpenter. The new fishing boat is put on the beach, and the big carpenter makes the rudder, mast, paddle, and oar. The blacksmith makes the anchor, and the rope master makes various cables and ropes. The canopy master makes the canopy. At the same time, the boss purchased fishing nets and fishing gear. Only when everything is ready can he go fishing. Zhile boats have a long history. Since the beginning of Zhoushan’s inhabitants, this boat has a history of more than 300 years. The Wurenwei family has two generations of shipbuilding. Father Wu Lingli (deceased), brother Wu Renqing, and younger brother Wu Weiqing. The three brothers are all skilled in shipbuilding. Now because of old age and frailty, the brothers are no longer engaged in shipbuilding. At present, Zhile boats in Xiushan are rare. Materials: fir, camphor, various miscellaneous trees, tung oil, lime, rope, large and small beam nails, shovel nails, and network cables. Tools: scissors, three-legged wooden horse, thousand pounds, axe, hammer, chisel, wood drill, plane, saw. Purpose: Only used to catch yellow croaker, croaker, etc. Customs: After the boat-building process is completed, the boat owner picks a day to set off firecrackers, invite the god of wealth, and make soup and rice to go into the water. (Oral narration by Wu Renwei, recorded by Shen Huifeng) Rice-canopy boat production There are two types of rice-canopy boats, small and large. The small rice-canopy boat is slightly larger than the straight-leg boat. The large rice-canopy boat can hold about 10,000 kilograms. It can be used as a near-sea fishing boat or a small transport ship. Before liberation, it was a common fishing and transport ship on the islands. Small rice-canopy boats sail with flat sails, and large rice-canopy boats can also be used for seaming. According to the elders of the previous generation, this type of fishing boat was available when Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty agreed to let people settle in Zhoushan Islands, and it has been used until now. It takes 2.2-2.5 cubic meters of high-quality camphor trees, high-quality fir trees and various miscellaneous trees to build a rice-canopy boat. The boat is about 12 meters long, about 2.3 meters wide, and 1.3-1.5 meters high (the bow is pointed, the stern is slightly narrow, and the height is about 1 meter. The middle is the lowest, the stern is slightly higher than the middle, and the bow is higher). The boat board is 4 cm thick, and the bow has a head and neck. After the bottom plate is placed, the bird is nailed, the head and neck are erected, and then the boat planks are nailed to each bird and the head and neck. The bottom of the boat is slightly rounded, and "榱" is nailed on both sides. The boat craftsman uses tung oil and lime to mix the mesh cakes and chisels them into the seams of the boards, and cross-nail them with shovel nails and seam nails. While the boat craftsman is making the seams, the small carpenter installs the rear steering wheel in the boat, and the boat craftsman also padded the outer periphery firmly. The new fishing boat is put on the beach, and the big carpenter makes the rudder, mast, paddle, and oar. At the same time, the boss purchases fishing nets and fishing gear. Only when everything is ready can he go fishing. The rice-sailed boat has a long history, which is more than 300 years old. The second generation of the Wu Renwei family has been building ships. Father Wu Lingli (deceased), brother Wu Renqing, and younger brother Wu Weiqing. The three brothers are all skilled in shipbuilding. Now because of old age and frailty, the brothers are no longer engaged in shipbuilding. So it is rare to see rice-sailed boats now. Materials: fir, camphor, various trees, tung oil, lime, rope, large and small beam nails, shovel nails, network wires Tools: scissors, tripod, heavy weight, axe, hammer, chisel, wood drill, plane, saw Uses: seasonal, in the fishing season, it is used to catch yellow croaker, croaker, etc. After the season, it is used for loading and transportation. Rules: generally not taught to outsiders. Customs: after the boating process is completed, the boat owner picks a day to set off firecrackers, invite the god of wealth, and cook soup. Tudskippers Tudskippers have a history of more than 130 years from ancient times to the present. During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, the villagers of Liangmao Mountain in Xiushan first created the catching tools in the experiment of catching "mudskippers" in the sea mud. Later, it has been passed down from generation to generation and developed to other villages in this and other places. After that, some young people also used it as one of the activities of chasing and playing on the sea mud after work. Today, the Xiushan people are making use of the past to serve the present. In the development of tourism and marine cultural tourism projects, they have excavated and utilized this Lanxiu cultural heritage. With its unique functions, they have created China's first "mud"-themed mud sliding tourism project, which is favored and loved by tourists. The mud-slinging boat originally had an extraordinary origin. As early as 200 years ago during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, because Xiushan Island was suspended in the sea, the villages near the sea were often attacked by pirates and robbed the islanders of their property. At that time, in order to quickly escape, the pirates moored the pirate ship outside the sea mud and used a special sliding tool that could slide on the sea mud for one person, which was shaped like today's "mud-slinging boat", to quickly go ashore and rob the village. After the robbery, they escaped, especially when they were discovered or chased. Once, the Xiushan islanders caught a pirate in the fight against a group of pirates and seized this sliding tool. Later, they copied it and used it as a counterattack tool to prevent theft and resist theft. From then on, the islanders had this "advanced" anti-pirate tool, and the invading pirates were defeated, so they never dared to invade the island again. Later, the Xiushan islanders living along the coastal mudflats also used this tool for gliding and transporting goods on the mudflats. Among them, the Liangmaoshan people first created it as a tool for catching mudskippers. Made of wood, planks and other materials, it is a narrow and long tool that looks like a small wooden boat to catch "mudskippers" on the mudflats (see picture). The hull is 170-180 cm long, with narrow head and tail (the head is narrower than the tail), 30-50 cm wide in the middle, and the side of the ship is about 10 cm high (that is, the depth of the cabin). A "support pestle" is set inside the side of the ship in the middle of the hull as a handrail for people to operate when sliding. The cabin can carry "mudskipper bamboo tubes", small fish baskets and other catching tools and other objects. The outer edges of both sides of the boat have a special function, which is to make fake fish holes with sea mud, which is called "making nests". The bottom board of the boat is the most exquisite. It is made of a thick wooden block with a certain "elliptical degree" and "tilting posture", so that it can achieve the effect of light and fast travel, and can move forward, backward, and sideways. Mudskipping bamboo tube, a matching tool for mudskipping boats. It has a history of nearly 200 years. Xiushan Islanders came up with a catching tool to catch mudskippers. Fake fish-skipping holes made of special bamboo to lure "mudskippers" (see picture). Each fish-skipping bamboo tube is about 20 cm long and the diameter of the tube is about 34 cm. It has a bottom but no cover (one end is open). Fishermen insert this "fake hole" in advance next to the fish-skipping hole on the sea mud, and then put a fake hole edge made of sea mud on the original hole to cover the original hole, and at the same time use it as a target for catching. When the mudskippers come out of the hole to forage and move on the sea mud, the catcher drives the fish-skipping boat to chase them quickly. The fish fled in panic and mistakenly entered a fake hole, becoming a "turtle in a jar". The catcher took out the pre-placed bamboo tube for the fish based on the preset fake hole target and obtained the prey.