Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Hawaii Volcanoes National Park' has mentioned 'Park' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| Hawaixcaxbbi Volcanoes National ParkIUCN category II (national park)Pxc4x81hoehoe and xcaxbbaxcaxbbxc4x81 lava flowsLocation in the Hawaiian IslandsLocationHawaii County, Hawaii, United StatesNearestxc2xa0cityHiloCoordinates19xc2xb023xe2x80xb2N 155xc2xb012xe2x80xb2Wxefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf19.383xc2xb0N 155.200xc2xb0Wxefxbbxbf / 19.383; -155.200Coordinates: 19xc2xb023xe2x80xb2N 155xc2xb012xe2x80xb2Wxefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf19.383xc2xb0N 155.200xc2xb0Wxefxbbxbf / 19.383; -155.200Area323,431 acres (1,308.88xc2xa0km2)[1]EstablishedAugust 1, 1916Visitors1,116,891 (inxc2xa02018)[2]Governingxc2xa0bodyNational Park ServiceWebsiteHawaixcaxbbi Volcanoes National Park UNESCO World Heritage SiteCriteriaNatural: viiiReference409Inscription1987 (11th session) | WIKI |
| The park encompasses two active volcanoes: Kxc4xablauea, one of the world's most active volcanoes, and Mauna Loa, the world's most massive shield volcano. | WIKI |
| The park provides scientists with insight into the development of the Hawaiian Islands and access for studies of volcanism. | WIKI |
| For visitors, the park offers dramatic volcanic landscapes, glimpses of rare flora and fauna, and a view into the traditional Hawaiian culture connected to these landscapes. | WIKI |
| The park was originally established on August 1, 1916 as Hawaii National Park, which was then split into this park and Haleakalxc4x81 National Park. | WIKI |
| [3] In 2012, the park was depicted on the 14th quarter of the America the Beautiful Quarters series. | WIKI |
| On May 11, 2018, the park was closed to the public in the Kxc4xablauea volcano summit area, including the visitor center and park headquarters, due to explosions and toxic ash clouds from Halemaxcaxbbumaxcaxbbu, as well as earthquakes and road damage. | WIKI |
| [4][5] Portions of the park, including the visitor center, reopened to the public on September 22, 2018. | WIKI |
| [6][7] As of 2020[update], most of the park is open; however, some road segments and trails as well as the Jaggar Museum of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory remain closed to visitors. | WIKI |
| Eruptive activity, ground collapses and explosions in the park ceased in early August of 2018, and the lull in eruptive activity at Kxc4xablauea continued[8] until an eruption on December 20, 2020, at the Halemaxcaxbbumaxcaxbbu crater. | WIKI |
| Contents 1 Park purpose 2 Environment 3 History 3.1 Superintendents 4 Historic places 5 Visitor center and museums 6 Painting of Pele 7 Recent events 8 See also 9 References 10 External links | WIKI |
| Park purpose[edit] | WIKI |
| The park includes 323,431 acres (505.36xc2xa0sqxc2xa0mi; 1,308.88xc2xa0km2) of land. | WIKI |
| [10] Over half of the park (130,790 acres (529xc2xa0km2)) was designated the Hawaii Volcanoes Wilderness area in 1978, providing solitude for hiking and camping. | WIKI |
| In the southwestern portion of the park, a large chunk of wilderness includes several miles of coastline and a small portion southeast of the visitors center. | WIKI |
| The park encompasses diverse environments from sea level to the summit of the Earth's most massive active volcano, Mauna Loa, at 13,679 feet (4,169xc2xa0m). | WIKI |
| The main entrance to the park is from the Hawaii Belt Road. | WIKI |
| The road had continued to another park entrance near the town of Kalapana, but that portion is covered by a lava flow. | WIKI |
| The park's Kahuku District is accessible via Kahuku Road off Highway 11 near mile marker 70. | WIKI |
| Lorrin A. Thurston, grandson of the American missionary Asa Thurston, was one of the driving forces behind the establishment of the park after investing in the hotel from 1891 to 1904. | WIKI |
| Thurston, who then owned The Honolulu Advertiser newspaper, printed editorials in favor of the park idea. | WIKI |
| [16] After several attempts, the legislation introduced by delegate Jonah Kxc5xabhixc5x8d Kalanianaxcaxbbole finally passed to create the park. | WIKI |
| Within a few weeks, the National Park Service Organic Act created the National Park Service to run the system. | WIKI |
| [18] The park was officially renamed Hawaixcaxbbi Volcanoes National Park after being split from Haleakalxc4x81 National Park on September 22, 1961. | WIKI |
| Park map including the Kahuku District on left (click to enlarge) | WIKI |
| In 2004, an additional 115,788 acres (468.58xc2xa0km2) of the Kahuku Ranch were added to the park, the largest land acquisition in Hawaii's history. | WIKI |
| Now named the Kahuku District, the park was enlarged by 56% with the newly acquired land, which is west of the town of Waixcaxbbxc5x8dhinu and east of Ocean View. | WIKI |
| Several of the National Register of Historic Places listings on the island of Hawaii are located within the park: | WIKI |
| The main visitor center, located just within the park entrance at 19xc2xb025xe2x80xb246xe2x80xb3N 155xc2xb015xe2x80xb225.5xe2x80xb3Wxefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf19.42944xc2xb0N 155.257083xc2xb0Wxefxbbxbf / 19.42944; -155.257083, includes displays and information about the features of the park. | WIKI |
| [21] Volunteer groups also sponsor events in the park. | WIKI |
| In mid-May 2018, the Kxc4xablauea District of the park was closed due to explosive eruptions at Halemaxcaxbbumaxcaxbbu, though the Kahuku District remained open. | WIKI |
| [6][7] Eruptive activity, ground collapses and explosions in the park had ceased in early August. | WIKI |
| As of 2020[update], the lull in eruptive activity at Kxc4xablauea continues and most of the park is open; however, some road segments and trails remain closed to visitors, while the Jaggar Museum of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory is closed indefinitely. | WIKI |
| Through the process of shield-building volcanism, the park's landscape is one of relatively constant, dynamic change. | UNESCO |
| The park contains significant parts of two of the world's most active and best understood volcanoes, Kilauea and Mauna Loa. | UNESCO |
| Visitation, while significant, is carefully planned and managed and does not pose a threat to the parkxe2x80x99s geological resources. | UNESCO |
| The park does contend with a number of invasive species which threaten its numerous endemic and endangered plant and animal species. | UNESCO |
| Most of the park is fenced, which has helped greatly in reducing the threat from ungulates. | UNESCO |
| While invasives do not impact the parkxe2x80x99s Outstanding Universal Value under criterion (viii), they do pose a threat to the parkxe2x80x99s ecological integrity and require active management. | UNESCO |
| In addition, the park has specific enabling legislation which provides broad congressional direction regarding the primary purposes of the park. | UNESCO |
| Numerous other federal laws bring additional layers of protection to the park and its resources. | UNESCO |
| Day to day management is directed by the Park Superintendent. | UNESCO |
| The park was designated as a Biosphere Reserve in 1980. | UNESCO |
| Park management plans for the property have identified a number of resource protection measures, such as environmental assessment processes, zoning, ecological integrity and visitor monitoring, and education programs to address pressures arising from issues both inside and outside the property. | UNESCO |
| A new General Management Plan was completed in 2016 which provides an updated 15-20 year vision for park management. | UNESCO |
| Part of the parkxe2x80x99s mandate is to provide access to volcanic resources and lava. | UNESCO |
| In addition, the National Park Service has established Management Policies which provide broader direction for all National Park Service units, including Hawaixe2x80x98i Volcanoes. | UNESCO |
| In particular, the park is a member of the Three Mountain Alliance, the largest watershed partnership in the state. | UNESCO |