Occurrence of Attributes in Original Text
The text related to the cultural heritage 'Gough and Inaccessible Islands' has mentioned 'Island' in the following places:
| Occurrence Sentence | Text Source |
|---|---|
| Island in the South Atlantic | WIKI |
| Gough Island Gonxc3xa7alo xc3x81lvaresView of Gough IslandGough Island Gonxc3xa7alo xc3x81lvaresGeographyLocationSouth Atlantic OceanCoordinates40xc2xb019xe2x80xb20xe2x80xb3S 9xc2xb056xe2x80xb20xe2x80xb3Wxefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf40.31667xc2xb0S 9.93333xc2xb0Wxefxbbxbf / -40.31667; -9.93333Coordinates: 40xc2xb019xe2x80xb20xe2x80xb3S 9xc2xb056xe2x80xb20xe2x80xb3Wxefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf40.31667xc2xb0S 9.93333xc2xb0Wxefxbbxbf / -40.31667; -9.93333ArchipelagoTristan da CunhaArea91xc2xa0km2 (35xc2xa0sqxc2xa0mi)Length13xc2xa0km (8.1xc2xa0mi)Width7xc2xa0km (4.3xc2xa0mi)Highestxc2xa0elevation910xc2xa0m (2990xc2xa0ft)Highestxc2xa0pointEdinburgh PeakAdministrationUnited KingdomSt Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha UNESCO World Heritage SiteCriteriaNatural: (vii), (x)Reference740Inscription1995 (19th session) Ramsar WetlandDesignated20 November 2008Referencexc2xa0no.1868[1] | WIKI |
| Gough Island (/xc9xa1xc9x92f/), also known historically as Gonxc3xa7alo xc3x81lvares after the Portuguese explorer, is a rugged volcanic island in the South Atlantic Ocean. | WIKI |
| It is about 400xc2xa0km (250xc2xa0mi) south-east of the Tristan da Cunha archipelago (which includes Nightingale Island and Inaccessible Island), 2,400xc2xa0km (1,500xc2xa0mi) north-east from South Georgia Island, 2,700xc2xa0km (1,700xc2xa0mi) west from Cape Town, and over 3,200xc2xa0km (2,000xc2xa0mi) from the nearest point of South America. | WIKI |
| Gough Island is uninhabited except for the personnel of a weather station (usually six people) which the South African National Antarctic Programme has maintained, with British permission, continually on the island since 1956. | WIKI |
| The island was first named Ilha de Gonxc3xa7alo xc3x81lvares on Portuguese maps. | WIKI |
| It was named Gough Island after the British mariner Captain Charles Gough of the Richmond, who sighted the island in 1732. | WIKI |
| Confusion of the unusual Portuguese saint name Gonxc3xa7alo with Spanish Diego led to the misnomer Diego Alvarez Island in English-language sources from the 1800s to 1930s. | WIKI |
| [2][3][4] However, the most likely explanation is that it was simply a misreading of 'Is de Go Alvarez', the name by which the island is represented on some of the early charts, the 'de Go' mutating into 'Diego'. | WIKI |
| [6] Maps during the next three centuries named the island after him. | WIKI |
| According to some historians, the British merchant Anthony de la Rochxc3xa9 was the first to land on the island, in the austral autumn of 1675. | WIKI |
| Charles Gough rediscovered the island on 3 March 1732, thinking it was a new find. | WIKI |
| Then, in 1732, Captain Gough of the British ship Richmond reported the discovery of a new island, which he placed 400 miles to the east of Gonxc3xa7alo xc3x81lvares. | WIKI |
| Fifty years later cartographers realised that the two islands were the same, and despite the priority of the Portuguese discovery, and the greater accuracy of the position given by them, "Gough's Island" was the name adopted. | WIKI |
| In the early 19th century, sealers sometimes briefly inhabited the island. | WIKI |
| The earliest known example is a sealing gang from the U.S. ship Rambler (Captain Joseph Bowditch) which remained on the island in the 1804xe2x80x931805 season. | WIKI |
| [12] The sealing era lasted from 1804 to 1910 during which 34 sealing vessels are known to have visited the island, one of which was lost offshore. | WIKI |
| The Scottish National Antarctic Expedition on the Scotia made the first visit to the island by a scientific party on 21 April 1904, when William Speirs Bruce and others collected specimens. | WIKI |
| [14] The Shackletonxe2x80x93Rowett Expedition also stopped at the island in 1922. | WIKI |
| In 1995, the island was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. | WIKI |
| Gough Island is the only place outside South America from which the solar eclipse of 12 September 2034 (excluding partial phases), will be visible; the centre of the path of totality crosses over the island. | WIKI |
| While the central part of the island is a plateau, the western part has a highland with the highest peaks and cliffs rising to 1,500xc2xa0ft (460xc2xa0m). | WIKI |
| [20] Geological formations on the island are of volcanic origin. | WIKI |
| Surrounding Gough are small satellite islands and rocks, such as Southwest Island, Saddle Island (to the South), Tristiana Rock, Isolda Rock (West), Round Island, Cone Island, Lot's Wife, Church Rock (North), Penguin Island (Northeast), and The Admirals (East). | WIKI |
| [28] The island is also home to the almost flightless Gough moorhen,[29] and the critically endangered Gough bunting. | WIKI |
| A male Gough Bunting on the island | WIKI |
| The island has been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International for its endemic landbirds and as a breeding site for seabirds. | WIKI |
| The island has a large breeding population of subantarctic fur seals and some southern right whales still migrate around the island. | WIKI |
| House mice are currently present on the island. | WIKI |
| In 1998 a number of procumbent pearlwort (Sagina procumbens) plants were found on the island which are capable of dramatically transforming the upland plant ecosystem (as it has on the Prince Edward Islands). | WIKI |
| [33] As of October 2018, it is estimated that as many as 2,000,000 fewer eggs and chicks are being raised due to the impact of mice on the island, threatening the extinction of several species of seabirds that breed exclusively or nearly exclusively on Gough Island. | WIKI |
| The grant also paid for the assessment of a rat problem on Tristan da Cunha island. | WIKI |
| Trials for a method of eradicating the mice through baiting were commenced,[35] and ultimately a xc2xa39.2 million eradication programme was planned, and set to begin in 2020, with the island expected to be mouse free by 2022. | WIKI |
| Gough has also been identified as the third most important island in the world (out of 107 islands) to be targeted for the removal of non-native invasive mammals to save threatened species from extinction and make major progress towards achieving global conservation targets. | WIKI |
| Initially it was housed in the station at The Glen, but moved in 1963 to the South lowlands of the island, more precisely 40xc2xb020xe2x80xb257.68xe2x80xb3S 9xc2xb052xe2x80xb249.13xe2x80xb3Wxefxbbxbf / xefxbbxbf40.3493556xc2xb0S 9.8803139xc2xb0Wxefxbbxbf / -40.3493556; -9.8803139. | WIKI |
| Each new team directly replaces the departing one, thereby maintaining a continual human presence on the island. | WIKI |
| On 11 February 2014 a member of the research team choked to death on the island and his body was taken back to South Africa. | WIKI |
| Gough Island is one of the largest cool-temperate oceanic islands in the world that remains close to pristine, having been spared most introductions of invasive species that have decimated unique island biodiversity elsewhere. | UNESCO |
| The spectacular cliffs of each island, towering above the ocean, host some of the most important seabird colonies in the world. | UNESCO |
| This island is also the only place where the Spectacled Petrel breeds, while the Atlantic Petrel and the Tristan Albatross are almost entirely restricted to breeding on Gough. | UNESCO |
| Criterion (x): Gough and Inaccessible Island represent two of the least disturbed cool-temperate island ecosystems in the South Atlantic Ocean, and are internationally important for their colonies of some 22 species of seabirds, several of which only breed here. | UNESCO |
| This island forms part of the Tristan Endemic Bird Area, and Gough has been designated as its own Endemic Bird Area by BirdLife International. | UNESCO |
| The islands also support some 40 plant species (including vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens), which are endemic to the Tristan da Cunha island group, including a number of which are endemic to Gough and/or Inaccessible Islands. | UNESCO |
| Tristan da Cunha (including Gough and Inaccessible Islands) is a United Kingdom Overseas Territory forming part of the UK Overseas Territory of St Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha, and is administered by a UK-appointed representative, with support from an elected Island Council. | UNESCO |
| The Tristan da Cunha government has also developed a Biodiversity Action Plan that relates closely to the World Heritage Site Management Plan but covers the entire island group and its seas. | UNESCO |
| In common with many island ecosystems around the world, alien invasive species are the most important immediate threat to the ecology of Gough and Inaccessible Islands. | UNESCO |